In the context of In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF), the laboratory environment is decisive for the success of the treatments. Factors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure or the presence of microscopic particles can directly influence the viability of gametes and embryos. Maintaining a clean and stable environment is not just a recommendation: it is an essential quality protocol.
Temperature: key stability for gametes and embryos
Laboratory temperature should remain constant within an optimal range. Abrupt variations can alter the culture media and negatively affect embryo development. Although culture oil acts as a protective barrier, it cannot compensate for extreme changes. In addition, elevated temperatures may favour the proliferation of micro-organisms, increasing the risk of contamination.
Relative humidity: between dehydration and biohazards
An excessively dry environment (low humidity) can cause dehydration of culture media, especially when working without oil, altering their osmolarity. On the other hand, excessive humidity favours the proliferation of fungi and bacteria. A balance in this parameter is essential to avoid both structural damage to the medium and microbiological contamination.
Positive pressure and clean air flow
The laboratory should have a positive differential pressure with respect to adjacent rooms. This ensures that air flows from the inside to the outside, preventing the entry of potentially contaminated air. This flow is supplemented by a HEPA filtration system that purifies the incoming and recirculated air within the laboratory.
Choice of materials and cleaning protocols in ivf laboratories
Materials used in the construction and operation of the laboratory must minimise the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulates and micro-organisms. From cleaning products to staff uniforms, everything is designed to reduce the risk of contamination. Particulate, VOC and micro-organism monitoring is constant to assess the environment in real time.
The air entering the laboratory passes through filters that remove impurities from outside. In addition, the indoor air is recirculated and filtered again, as pollutants from equipment, materials and even personnel can be generated within the laboratory itself.
Regulations require a minimum of five air renewals per hour to maintain a clean and stable environment.
Intelligent environmental monitoring devices
Technological advances have made it possible to develop real-time monitoring systems that record parameters such as temperature, humidity, positive pressure and the presence of gases (CO₂, O₂, CO). This information enables any disturbances to be detected immediately and corrective action to be taken without delay.
Specialised air purifiers are also used to significantly reduce the presence of bacteria, viruses, fungi, allergens and odours, without affecting embryonic development. Their use has proven to be an effective and safe tool in the IVF environment.
An assisted reproduction laboratory requires not only highly qualified staff, but also a controlled environment with the highest quality standards. Continuous monitoring, proper air management and the right choice of materials are fundamental pillars to ensure a contaminant-free environment conducive to reproductive success.